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The recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: proposal of a personalized therapeutic protocol

Murina F. Graziottin A. Felice R. Radici G.L. Di Francesco S.
The recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis: proposal of a personalized therapeutic protocol
ISRN Obstetrics and Gynecology, vol. 2011, Article ID 806065, 4 pages, 2011. doi:10.5402/2011/806065

Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis (RVC) is an increasing challenge in clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to reduce the episodes of RVC through the intake of fluconazole 200 mg/dose with a personalized regimen at growing administration intervals with a probiotic...

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Botulinum toxin treatment of pelvic floor disorders and genital pain in women

Bertolasi L. Frasson E. Graziottin A.
Botulinum toxin treatment of pelvic floor disorders and genital pain in women
Current Women’s Health Reviews, 2008, 4, 185-192

Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) - already used since the 1980s for strabismus, dystonia and spasticity - has over the past 10 years enjoyed increasing use also for pelvic floor disorders and genital pain. Notwithstanding the relatively few publications available to date the current medical literature suggests that BoNT-A effectively improves chronic pain syndromes, vaginismus, and vulvodynia/VVS....

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Central nervous system abnormalities in vaginismus

Frasson E. Graziottin A. Priori A. Dall'Ora E. Didonè G. Garbin E.L. Vicentini S. Bertolasi L.
Central nervous system abnormalities in vaginismus
Clin Neurophysiol. 2009 Jan; 120 (1): 117-122

Objective: To investigate possible altered CNS excitability in vaginismus.
Methods: In 10 patients with primary idiopathic lifelong vaginismus, 10 with vulvar vestibulitis syndrome accompanied by vaginismus and healthy controls we recorded EMG activity from the levator ani (LA) and external anal sphincter (EAS) muscles and tested bulbocavernosus reflex (BCR). Pudendalnerve somatosensory evoked potentials (SEPs) were tested after a single stimulus. Pudendal-nerve SEP recovery functions were assessed using a paired conditioning-test paradigm at interstimulus intervals (ISIs) of 5, 20 and 40 ms...

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Dyspareunia: clinical approach in the perimenopause

Graziottin A.
Dyspareunia: clinical approach in the perimenopause
in: Studd J. (Ed.), The management of the Menopause – Third Edition, The Parthenon Publishing Group, London, UK, 229-241, 2003

Dyspareunia has long been considered to be psychogenic. Opposite, it has solid biological bases, that need to be addressed in a more integrated and patient-centered perspective. The new International Classification on Female Sexual Disorders allocates the etiologic subtypes of “Organic, Psychogenic, Mixed, Unknown” in the group of Sexual Pain Disorders, that includes Vaginismus, Dyspareunia and Non-coital Sexual Pain Disorders...

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Therapeutic options for postmenopausal female sexual dysfunction

Al-Azzawi F. Bitzer J. Brandenburg U. Castelo-Branco C. Graziottin A. Kenemans P. Lachowsky M. Mimoun S. Nappi R. Palacios S. Schwenkhagen A. Studd J. Wylie K. Zahradnik H-P. (FSD Education Team)
Therapeutic options for postmenopausal female sexual dysfunction
Climacteric. 2010 Apr; 13 (2): 103-20

Menopause and the process of transition to menopause represent significant risk factors for the appearance or accentuation of sex-related problems. Sexual dysfunctions can affect one or more stages of human sexual response, including desire, excitement and orgasm. It is increasingly important to address sexual issues in clinical practice...

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The mastcell, director of chronic pelvic pain orchestra: implications for the gynaecologist

Graziottin A.
The mastcell, director of chronic pelvic pain orchestra: implications for the the gynaecologist
Plenary lecture - XIX World Congress of Gynecology and Obstetrics, organized by the International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO), October 4-9, 2009, Cape Town, South Africa

Increasing evidence supports the prominent role of up-regulated mastcells (MC's) in the maintenance of chronic inflammation and in the shifting from nociceptive to neuropathic pain in the affected tissues, contributing to chronic pelvic pain (CPP). New therapeutic lines consider reduction of agonists and/or using drugs (“antagonists”) that can down-regulated the release of pro-inflammatory, angiogenic and neurotrophic factors from the mastcells...

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Role of mastcells in chronic inflammation, depression and pain

Graziottin A.
Role of mastcells in chronic inflammation, depression and pain
Full text of the plenary lecture presented at the V Annual International Congress on Human Reproduction on "Family Reproductive Health", Moscow, Russia, January 18-21, 2011

MCs are the real conductor of the inflammatory process. In CPP, MCs are the maintaining contributor of chronic inflammation, leading to the shift between nociceptive and neuropathic pain...

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HPV infection in women: psychosexual impact of genital warts and intraepithelial lesions

Graziottin A. Serafini A.
HPV infection in women: psychosexual impact of genital warts and intraepithelial lesions
The Journal of Sexual Medicine, 2009 Mar; 6 (3): 633-645

Genital Human Papillomavirus (HPV) infection is the most commonly occurring sexually transmitted viral infection in humans. HPV is a wide family of DNA viruses which may cause benign skin and mucosal tumors (genital, anal or oral warts), or malignant cancers in different organs. Women are more susceptible to the oncogenic effect of HPVs, mostly at the genital site and on the uterine cervix.
The literature on HPVs is substantial and increasing. However, research investigating the relationship between HPV infections and sexual dysfunctions in women is limited...

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Depression and the menopause: why antidepressants are not enough?

Graziottin A. Serafini A.
Depression and the menopause: why antidepressants are not enough?
Menopause International 2009; 15: 76–81

The current evidence contributes to a re-reading of the relationship between menopause and mood disorders. Estrogen fluctuations and loss contribute to mild-moderate depression. Estrogens loss modulate some specific characteristics of postmenopausal major depression, such as the insidious onset, the severity of course, the reduced response to conventional antidepressants in comparison to the premenopausal year...

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HPV infection in women: clinical consequences, psychosexual impact and the chances of prevention

Graziottin A.
HPV infection in women: clinical consequences, psychosexual impact and the chances of prevention
Italian Journal of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, 2009, 21, 3, 141-151

The HR-HPVs (High Risk Human Papillomavirus) have been casually related to several cancers in human (cervical, vulvar, vaginal, anal), and the LR-HPVs (Low Risk Human Papillomavirus) types related mainly to a benign sexually transmitted disease: genital warts...

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Mast cells and their role in sexual pain disorders

Graziottin A.
Mast cells and their role in sexual pain disorders
in: Goldstein A. Pukall C. Goldstein I. (Eds), Female Sexual Pain Disorders: Evaluation and Management, Blackwell Publishing 2009, p. 176-179

Understanding the role of mast cells in the pathophysiology of local inflammation is critical if physicians hope to move from symptomatic, late interventions in conditions such as provoked vestibulodynia (PVD) to etiologically based multimodal treatments. Mast cells play a significant role as the sophisticated directors of the immune and inflammatory response; they can influence a positive or negative outcome, according to genetic, local, and contextual factors. Physicians can change the natural history of many inflammatory conditions that lead to chronic and aggressive pain disorders if they consider the critical role of mast cells and intervene in two ways...

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